The CVD graphene transfer procedure introduces metallic impurities which alter the graphene electrochemical properties.

Chemically reduced graphene contains inherent metallic impurities present in parent natural and synthetic graphite.

Graphene-related materials are in the forefront of nanomaterial research. One of the most common ways to prepare graphenes is to oxidize graphite (natural or synthetic) to graphite oxide and exfoliate it to graphene oxide with consequent chemical reduction to chemically reduced graphene. Here, we show that both natural and synthetic graphite contain a large amount of metallic impurities that pe...

Contamination-Free Graphene Transfer from Cu-Foil and Cu-Thin-Film/Sapphire

The separation of graphene grown on metallic catalyst by chemical vapor deposition (CVD) is essential for device applications. The transfer techniques of graphene from metallic catalyst to target substrate usually use the chemical etching method to dissolve the metallic catalyst. However, this causes not only high material cost but also environmental contamination in large-scale fabrication. We...

Towards electrochemical purification of chemically reduced graphene oxide from redox accessible impurities.

The electrochemical properties of graphene are highly sensitive to residual metallic impurities that persist despite various purification efforts. To accurately evaluate the electrochemical performance of graphene, highly purified materials free of metallic impurities are required. In this study, the partial purification of chemically reduced graphene oxides prepared via Hummers (CRGO-HU) and S...

Enhancing the Electrochemical and Electronic Performance of CVD-Grown Graphene by Minimizing Trace Metal Impurities**

Ball-milled sulfur-doped graphene materials contain metallic impurities originating from ball-milling apparatus: their influence on the catalytic properties.

Graphene materials have found applications in a wide range of devices over the past decade. In order to meet the demand for graphene materials, various synthesis methods are constantly being improved or invented. Ball-milling of graphite to obtain graphene materials is one of the many versatile methods to easily obtain bulk quantities. In this work, we show that the graphene materials produced ...